are commonly found. Welcome to Projectile Points Arrowhead Identification Guide, the largest most comprehensive on-line identification guide. be made from Fort Payne chert. This website consists of images of 51 of the 54 types, as three do not have representative examples within the type collection (Union Side Notched, Hardee Beveled, and Broward). We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. The oldest projectile points found in North America were long thought to date from about 13,000 years ago, during the Paleo-Indian period, however recent evidence suggests that North American projectile points may date to as old as 15,500 years. 1970, Bell, Robert
which have been subdivided based on stem variations (Granger and Granger, 2013). Terms of Use The strong presence of Dalton points throughout the Southeast would suggest any demographic problems were ameliorating by then. measures 4 1/4 inches (10.8 cm) long, 1 1/8 inches (2.8 cm) wide and
Spear Points (6000 - 3000 B.C.) | Ancient North Carolinians If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. The Amateur Archaeologist, Kentucky, "A Cumberland Point Site
Examples of certain features found in the Bullen Projectile Point Type Collection have links when available. These projectile points are broadly grouped by archaeological time periods: The 30 counties where the original Bullen projectile points came from are primarily in the northern half of the state. 1991, Wilke, Philip J.,
Every The Parkhill complex is known
1985, Perino, Gregory, Selected Preforms, Points And Knives Of
In particular: Our website may set a cookie on your browser that allows you to access the website without needing enter a password more than once during a visit to the website; We use cookies from Google Analytics, a web analytics service provided by Google Inc. (Google). HARDIN COUNTY, KENTUCKY
PRIVATE COLLECTION. Size Measurements: Total Length - 20 to 45 mm, Stem Length - 4 to 8 mm (1/7 to 1/3 of the total length), pictures currently, but with your help our database in increasing every While points were made from antler, bone, and copper, mostat least most that have been preservedwere made from stone. The upper point was found
The Phil
---1985, Gregory Perino,
Thickness - 5 to 13 mm. Blade Width - 30 to 55 mm (average 35 to 45 mm), Stem Width at The Phil Stratton site has produced optically stimulated
This
Midcontinental And Eastern United States, " Cumberland Cluster," p.
Projectile points, along with other artifacts, are interpreted and dated within the continuum of these Indigenous cultural periods, typically defined as the Paleo-Indian, Archaic, and Woodland. William Roosa in 1963 from a site in Midland County, Michigan. TENNESSEE
Godar Side Notch projectile point (Bedford Co, Tennessee arrowhead) $6.50 . The projectile points and cutting blades made and used by the ancient natives were essential for their survival and existence at that point in our prehistory. Learn more about Google Analytics privacy practices, and see a copy of Googles privacy policy, click here. In regions where metallurgy emerged, projectile points were eventually made from copper, bronze, or iron, though the change was by no means immediate. Paleoenvironmental Investigations In The Dutchess Quarry Caves, Orange
The earliest points, called Stanly Stemmed, have squared stems similar to those made at the end of the Early Archaic period. Stemmed points may be identified as notched or unnotched. Blade (also called Body or Face) the portion of a projectile point including the edge that is above the area used for hafting. convex base and rounded basal corners. Do you see information that is incorrect on this "No archaeological
appears to be a finished spear point that was not broken during
The ears are wide and delicate and the outline is very symmetrical. "In the lowest cultural level (Stratum 2) in Dutchess Quarry
just
This point has a random flaking pattern. subtypes has been identified as the Putman subtype which has a contracting stem with a convex base. This is a valid type. County, New York, "The Dutchess Quarry Cave No. The following infographic is not all inclusive for the various types of points you may encounter in the southeast; instead, it should be used as a guide to better estimate the type and age of the projectile points you may encounter in the field. CUMBERLAND
The lower point has a restored tip and it was found
PALEO-INDIAN
point was made thick, narrow and diamond-shaped in cross-section. The Cumberland
Encyclopedia Of Human Evolution And Prehistory, "Aurignacian," p.
president of the Texas Archaeological Society and assisted in many excavations in Texas. This
The Paleolithic Period covers the thousands of years during which hunters and gatherers followed herds of wild animals as they moved through the Nile Valley and the western desert's oases. Neolithic ca. As well as stone, projectile points were also made of worked wood, bone, antler, horn, or ivory; all of these are less common in the Americas. on Sketchfab, Morrow Mountain II Stemmed While Native American tribes define their own histories, archaeologists and anthropologists have assigned time periods to Native American history to compare shifts in culture, social organization, patterns of settlement, subsistence methods, and tool technology. Rockwall / St. Marion projectile point (east Texas) 1958, Love, C. T.,
Cumberland point is made of Ste. History & Overview - Florida Archaeology & Bioarchaeology This broken Cumberland base
Cultural developments included the use of notched and stemmed projectile points, the atlatl, containers of stone and pottery, and ground and polished stone artifacts. day. wider basal corners or "ears." Pricing Marion, North Carolina, United States. Projectile point Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster Typically, these are attached (hafted) to a shaft and used for propulsion or thrusting (e.g., spear, dart, arrow). This crust is due to the location of the caves in a
Description of Physical Characteristics and Flaking Pattern: References: (See Reference Page, Entry Number): Rockwall Projectile Point, Rockwall Arrowhead, : J. Great and painless transaction ! Stone or bone projectile points, like the one seen here, attached to spears or darts and enabled humans to exploit fast-moving prey like birds and large, dangerous prey like mammoths. 10,500 TO 13,000 YEARS
The body of the projectile point is comprised of two faces or blade surfaces. Stone tools, including projectile points, can survive for long periods, were often lost or discarded, and are relatively plentiful, especially at archaeological sites. variety of tools. Milanich (1994) notes that Putnam or Marion point Bullen was a distinguished anthropologist and Curator Emeritus of the Florida Museum of Natural History. Arrow points normally measure about 2-3 cm in length . was adapted from Projectile Point Typology for Pennsylvania and the Northeast, by Gary Fogelman. Notice the uniform zigzag effect on the edge view. 2005, Patten, Bob, "Peoples Of The Flute, A Study In Anthropolithic Forensics,
LISTINGS HOME
United States, " Cumberland Cluster," p.
compared to Clovis, Folsom, Barnes and Crowfield. Refund Policy. The intent of this new digital version is to provide a comparative research tool, increase access visually, and stimulate discussion and continued research of this renowned collection (e.g., Dunbar 2007; Farr 2006; Milanich 1994; Thulman 2007). Most Cumberland points have been found throughout the
The Identification Of Certain American Indian Projectile Points, "Cumberland
point has a random flaking pattern. The poster shows 48 different types of projectile points dating from approximately 9650 B.C. Projectile points come in an amazing variety of shapes and styles, which vary according to chronological periods, cultural identities, and intended functions. It is difficult to know how many prehistoric projectile points spear points, dart points, and arrow points have been found in Illinois fields, but it's probably more than a million. Cumberland site with specific information about their tool kit and
Cumberland and Tennessee River drainages in Kentucky, Tennessee and
amount of professional recognition. Both sides were covered by white lime crust but one side was removed
Turner and Hester (1985) argue that this type falls into the Steiner type. To learn more about SWCAs archaeology services, click here. The star of Morphy's 159-lot Prehistoric American Artifact & Arrowhead debut auction, the point discovered on a mountain in Washington state in the early 1950s is known to collectors far and wide as one of the great treasures of its type. The only carbon date for a Cumberland point comes from the Dutchess
proper to call this point a Barnes point. It is considered here as a valid type due to the Marion Projectile Point Bullen identified four subtypes for this point which included; Alachua, Levy, Marion, and Putman (Farr, 2006). Bullen identified four subtypes for this point which included; Alachua, Levy, Marion, and Putman (Farr, 2006). KENTUCKY AND TENNESSEE
The bore of a dart points can measure 1/2 inch in diameter. Dolan is a respected Anthropologist and professor at Florida Universities who excavated many important sites in Florida including the Johnson Lake Site. Edge the portion of a projectile point formed by the joining of two surfaces. In addition to all points general distributions shown, most Few people have seen
recovered from the complex of caves located on lookout Mountain in
for Barnes points which have a different shape than Cumberland points
45 to 120 mm (average 60 to 75 mm), Stem Length - 10 to 25 mm Richard Michael Gramly, The Amateur Archaeologist, Kentucky, "A
ORANGE COUNTY, NEW YORK
They were likely attached to. "In order to strike off the long, narrow, fluting flakes, the (Cumberland)
PICTURE FOR LARGER TRIPLE IMAGE
This is the most comprehensive on-line identification guide. This Cumberland-type fluted point was the first of six fluted points
This is a broad medium to area of the state. TENNESSEE
Both of
original point. EASTERN
Rockwall / St. Marion Projectile Point This Indian Arrowheads of the Piedmont - Carolina Country The first report is
Sievert and Rogers (2011) discuss the history and artifacts found at Craig Mound, Spiro site. This broken basal section represents a little over half of the
RelicRecord.com Feature Update December 2022. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. These spear points are called Halifax Side-Notched and are thick and narrow, but much shorter than points of the preceding Guilford type. This Cumberland point is heavily patinated but it appears to
+ 370. These slender projectile points are characterized by two distinct ends, one sharpened and one stemmed, as well as a symmetrical beveled shape if looked at head-on.
drainage." formation of dolomitic limestone of the Ordovician period. He was the The current website is the complete digital gallery of what has become the Florida Museums Bullen Projectile Point Type Collection. 1992, Deller, D. Brian, Ellis, Christopher J., Thedford II, A
Points, "Cumberland Points," p. 22. tethered the style to the quarries." Notch the portion of a projectile point that has been removed on the sides, corners, or at the base of the projectile point. This Cumberland-type point was recovered well outside the usual
"Cumberland points cluster around especially high quality stone sources
printed in 2006, in the series "Handbook of North American Indians,"
Ear the portion of a projectile point which results from corner-notching. The Upchurch Chert Type Collection is curated in the Florida Archaeology holdings of the Florida Museum. of the point. Marion projectile point (Withlachoochee River, Florida arrowhead) This point is primarily found in eastern Texas and into southwestern Arkansas, southeastern Oklahoma and western Louisiana. Do you see information that is incorrect on this 1999, Gramly, Richard
EST. Many The Cumberland point on the right was found in a cultivated
between 12 and 29 thousand years. in North America. CUMBERLAND POINT
shoulders are barbed and may extend to the base of the point. [7][8][9][10], Pre-historic projectile point from Lapa do Santo. Chert, obsidian, quartzite, quartz, and many other rocks and minerals were commonly used to make points in North America. Figure 75," p. 136. Projectile points are made by the process of striking flakes. smooth on the basal edges. The surface of the projectile point bears the scars of these flakes, which show how the point was made. This constitutes a total of 64 types and subtypes (See Explore the Collection by Type or Subtype). have several different shapes, depending on when they were made and used. This is a rare example of a large unbroken Cumberland point from
In fact, the most recent Smithsonian publication
Alabama. Every flake is a wave of energy that travels through the stone to create a fracture. It
View cart for details. southern Boone County, Kentucky. Do Not Sell My Information near the town of Bear Springs. Metal was also used in the historic period in North America. indianartifacts2.htm - Vintagejewelrybyteresa.com Schnurrbart Kitzler, Civil War Hair Stylist. The
This cultural period is marked by the manufacture of ceramic vessels, construction of mounds, cultivation of maize, distribution of exotic raw materials and finished goods, horticultural activity, and the use of bow-and-arrow weapon systems. Pre-Owned. Sequatchie, Bledsoe and Cumberland. Points," p. 22. This page was last updated: 04-Mar 00:40. Basin Anthropology, "Clovis Technology At The Anzick Site,
is a professional anthropologist who is a professor and who has served as the Acting Director of the Museum of Anthropology at the University of Kentucky. PRIVATE COLLECTIONS. On the average, this
21 mm (14 to 16 mm), Thickness - 5 to 8 mm,
For instance, Gregory Perino began his categorical study of projectile point typology in the late 1950s. CUMBERLAND
Spear points of this shape are classified by archaeologists as either Morrow Mountain I Stemmed or Morrow Mountain II Stemmed.
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