Today in our Happiness 2.0 series, we revisit a favorite episode from 2020. Copyright Hidden Brain Media | Privacy Policy. I think language can certainly be a contributor into the complex system of our thinking about gender. And you can just - it rolls off the tongue, and you can just throw it out. So you might say, there's an ant on your northwest leg. And, I mean, just in terms of even sounds changing and the way that you put words together changing bit by bit, and there's never been a language that didn't do that. So the way you say hi in Kuuk Thaayorre is to say, which way are you heading? But if I give that same story to a Hebrew or an Arabic speaker, they would organize it from right to left. The only question was in which way. I'm Shankar Vedantam. UNIDENTIFIED ACTOR #2: (As character) Right. So these speakers have internalized this idea from their language, and they believe that it's right. And so for example, if the word chair is masculine in your language, why is that? ), The Sourcebook of Listening Research: Methodology and Measures, 2018. MCWHORTER: Language is a parade, and nobody sits at a parade wishing that everybody would stand still. native tongue without even thinking about it. Mistakes and errors are what turned Latin into French. If you're studying a new language, you might discover these phrases not in your textbooks but when you're hanging out with friends. We don't want to be like that. al, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2004. For example, if you take seeds and put them in the ground, that's one thing. All rights reserved. A brief history of relationship research in social psychology, by Harry T. Reis, in Handbook of the History of Social Psychology, 2011. Hidden Brain explores the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior and questions that lie at the heart of our complex and changing world. Women under about 30 in the United States, when they're excited or they're trying to underline a point, putting uh at the end of things. What Do You Do When Things Go Right? John is a professor of English and comparative literature at Columbia University. See you next week. That's because change is hard. This week, a story about a con with a twist. ADAM COLE, BYLINE: (Singing) You put your southwest leg in, and you shake it all about. Of course that's how you BORODITSKY: And so what was remarkable for me was that my brain figured out a really good solution to the problem after a week of trying, right? UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #16: Not figuratively, it's literally MCWHORTER: Yeah. When we come back, we dig further into the way that gender works in different languages and the pervasive effects that words can play in our lives. Having a sense of purpose can be a buffer against the challenges we all face at various stages of life. So you can't see time. You can search for the episode or browse all episodes on our Archive Page. Many of us rush through our lives, chasing goals and just trying to get everything done. Dictionaries are wonderful things, but they create an illusion that there's such thing as a language that stands still, when really it's the nature of human language to change. You do the hokey pokey and you turn yourself around. That was somehow a dad's fashion, and that I should start wearing flat-fronted pants. And one day, I was walking along, and I was just staring at the ground. Copyright Hidden Brain Media | Privacy Policy, Freely Determined: What the New Psychology of the Self Teaches Us About How to Live, Going the Distance on the Pacific Crest Trail: The Vital Role of Identified Motivation, Athletic Scholarships are Negatively Associated with Intrinsic Motivation for Sports, Even Decades Later: Evidence for Long-Term Undermining, Rightly Crossing the Rubicon: Evaluating Goal Self-Concordance Prior to Selection Helps People Choose More Intrinsic Goals, What Makes Lawyers Happy? But what we should teach is not that the good way is logical and the way that you're comfortable doing it is illogical. Many of us believe that hard work and persistence are the key to achieving our goals. Hidden Brain Hidden Brain, Shankar Vedantam Science 4.6 36K Ratings; Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships. Sometimes, life can feel like being stuck on a treadmill. The Effective Negotiator Part 1: The Behavior of Successful Negotiators and The Effective Negotiator Part 2: Planning for Negotiations, by Neil Rackham and John Carlisle, Journal of European Industrial Training, 1978. I'm Shankar Vedantam. If you prefer to listen through a podcast app, here are links to our podcast on Apple, Spotify, and Stitcher. People do need to be taught what the socially acceptable forms are. Physicist Richard Feynman once said, "The first principle is that you must not fool yourself, and you are the easiest person to fool." One way we fool ourselves is by imagining we know more than we do; we think we are experts. Think back to the last time someone convinced you to do something you didn't want to do, or to spend money you didn't want to spend. Many of us rush through our days, weeks, and lives, chasing goals, and just trying to get everything done. And very competent adults of our culture can't do that. Language was talk. It's part of a general running indication that everything's OK between you and the other person, just like one's expected to smile a little bit in most interactions. And so somebody says something literally, somebody takes a point literally. Now I can stay oriented. So it's, VEDANTAM: The moment she heard it, Jennifer realized mendokusai was incredibly. This week, in the final installment of our Happiness 2.0 series, psychologist Dacher Keltner describes what happens when we stop to savor the beauty in nature, art, or simply the moral courage of those around us. This week, in the second installment of our Happiness 2.0 series, psychologist Todd Kashdan looks at the relationship between distress and happiness, and ho, Many of us believe that hard work and persistence are the key to achieving our goals. It's how we think about anything that's abstract, that's beyond our physical senses. And they suggest that differences across languages do, in fact, predict some of these measures of gender equality across countries. And the answer should be, north, northeast in the far distance; how about you? This week, we kick off a month-long series we're calling Happiness 2.0. Yes! Learn more. BORODITSKY: And when they were trying to act like Wednesday, they would act like a woman BORODITSKY: Which accords with grammatical gender in Russian. If you're like most people, you probably abandoned those resolutions within a few weeks. And we teach them, for example, to say that bridges and apples and all kinds of other things have the same prefix as women. But that can blind us to a very simple source of joy that's all around us. And dead languages never change, and some of us might prefer those. My big fat greek wedding, an american woman of greek ancestry falls in love with a very vanilla, american man. But it is a completely crucial part of the human experience. But that can blind us to a very simple source of joy thats all around us. L. Gable, et. The size of this effect really quite surprised me because I would have thought at the outset that, you know, artists are these iconoclasts. Well, if you have a word like that and if it's an intensifier of that kind, you can almost guess that literally is going to come to mean something more like just really. There's been a little bit of research from economists actually looking at this. But is that true when it comes to the pursuit of happiness? Visit our website terms of use and permissions pages at www.npr.org for further information. VEDANTAM: In the English-speaking world, she goes by Lera Boroditsky. This week, we kick off a month-long series we're calling Happiness 2.0. You know, lots of people blow off steam about something they think is wrong, but very few people are willing to get involved and do something about it. So for example, grammatical gender - because grammatical gender applies to all nouns in your language, that means that language is shaping the way you think about everything that can be named by a noun. That kind of detail may not appear. Copyright Hidden Brain Media | Privacy Policy, Think Again: The Power of Knowing What You Dont Know, Refusing to Apologize can have Psychological Benefits, The Effects of Conflict Types, Dimensions, and Emergent States on Group Outcomes, Social Functionalist Frameworks for Judgment and Choice: Intuitive Politicians, Theologians, and Prosecutors, Psychological Safety and Learning Behavior in Work Teams, The Effective Negotiator Part 1: The Behavior of Successful Negotiators, The Effective Negotiator Part 2: Planning for Negotiations, Read the latest from the Hidden Brain Newsletter. So it's easy to think, oh, I could imagine someone without thinking explicitly about what they're wearing. BORODITSKY: My family is Jewish, and we left as refugees. But it's exactly like - it was maybe about 20 years ago that somebody - a girlfriend I had told me that if I wore pants that had little vertical pleats up near the waist, then I was conveying that I was kind of past it. He's also the author of the book, "Words On The Move: Why English Won't - And Can't - Sit Still (Like, Literally).". So to go back to the example we were just talking about - people who don't use words like left and right - when I gave those picture stories to Kuuk Thaayorre speakers, who use north, south, east and west, they organized the cards from east to west. UNIDENTIFIED ACTOR #3: (As character) I'm willing to get involved. This is HIDDEN BRAIN. But I understand that in Spanish, this would come out quite differently. And this is NPR. UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #8: (Speaking Italian). 4.62. this is hidden brain I'm Shankar Vedantam in the classic TV series Star Trek Mister Spock has a foolproof technique for accurately reading the thoughts and feelings of others the Vulcan mind I am Spock you James our minds are moving closer most most here are kind of hard we have new technology that gives us direct access to the minds of others so You know, I was trying to stay oriented because people were treating me like I was pretty stupid for not being oriented, and that hurt. We'll also look at how languages evolve, and why we're sometimes resistant to those changes. In a lot of languages, there isn't. Look at it. Our team includes Laura Kwerel, Adhiti Bandlamudi and our supervising producer Tara Boyle. And if you can enjoy it as a parade instead of wondering why people keep walking instead of just sitting on chairs and blowing on their tubas and not moving, then you have more fun. This week, we kick off a month-long series we're calling Happiness 2.0. Flight attendant Steven Slater slides from a plane after quitting. Long before she began researching languages as a professor, foreign languages loomed large in her life. And what's cool about languages, like the languages spoken in Pormpuraaw, is that they don't use words like left and right, and instead, everything is placed in cardinal directions like north, south, east and west. Well, that's an incredibly large set of things, so that's a very broad effect of language. He's a defender of language on the move, but I wanted to know if there were things that irritated even him. And it's sad that we're not going to be able to make use of them and learn them and celebrate them. : A Data-Driven Prescription to Redefine Professional Success, by Lawrence S. Krieger and Kennon M. Sheldon, George Washington Law Review, 2015. Hidden Brain Claim By Hidden Brain, Shankar Vedantam Podcasts RSS Web PODCAST SEARCH EPISODES COMMUNITY PODCASTER EDIT SHARE Listen Score LS 84 Global Rank TOP 0.01% ABOUT THIS PODCAST Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships. But what happens when these feelings catch up with us? 437 Episodes Produced by Hidden Brain, Shankar Vedantam Website. Marcus Butt/Getty Images/Ikon Images Hidden Brain Why Nobody Feels Rich by Shankar Vedantam , Parth Shah , Tara Boyle , Rhaina Cohen September 14, 2020 If you've ever flown in economy class. UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #9: (Speaking German). Many of us believe that hard work and persistence are the key to achieving our goals. (Speaking Japanese). MCWHORTER: Those are called contronyms, and literally has become a new contronym. So if you took a bunch of those tendencies, you could make up, say, the English of 50 years from now, but some of the things would just be complete chance. This week, in the final . And you say that dictionaries in some ways paint an unrealistic portrait of a language. This takes kids a little while to figure out, and he had all kinds of clever ways to ask these questions. GEACONE-CRUZ: It describes this feeling so perfectly in such a wonderfully packaged, encapsulated way. We'll be back momentarily. She shows how our conversational styles can cause We all know casual sex isn't about love. And in fact, speakers of languages like this have been shown to orient extremely well - much better than we used to think humans could. But then you start writing things down and you're in a whole new land because once things are sitting there written on that piece of paper, there's that illusion. We recommend movies or books to a friend. You may link to our content and copy and paste episode descriptions and Additional Resources into your invitations. BORODITSKY: Actually, one of the first people to notice or suggest that this might be the case was a Russian linguist, Roman Jakobson. MCWHORTER: No, because LOL was an expression; it was a piece of language, and so you knew that its meaning was going to change. BORODITSKY: And Russian is a language that has grammatical gender, and different days of the week have different genders for some reason. That is the most random thing. They shape our place in it. But if they were sitting facing north, they would lay out the story from right to left. something, even though it shouldn't be so much of an effort. Our transcripts are provided by various partners and may contain errors or deviate slightly from the audio. Sometimes, life can feel like being stuck on a treadmill. Hidden Brain. Our transcripts are provided by various partners and may contain errors or deviate slightly from the audio. All rights reserved. And that is an example of a simple feature of language - number words - acting as a transformative stepping stone to a whole domain of knowledge. Sometimes, life can feel like being stuck on a treadmill. Hidden Brain Hidden Brain, Shankar Vedantam Subscribe Visit website Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our. Copyright Hidden Brain Media | Privacy Policy, Read the latest from the Hidden Brain Newsletter. So maybe they're saying bridges are beautiful and elegant, not because they're grammatically feminine in the language, but because the bridges they have are, in fact, more beautiful and elegant. VEDANTAM: Many of us have dictionaries at home or at work, John. VEDANTAM: Still don't have a clear picture? Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships. This week, we're going to bring you a conversation I had in front of a live audience with Richard Thaler, taped on Halloween at the Willard Intercontinental Hotel in Washington, D. Richard is a professor of behavioral sciences and economics at the University of Chicago and is a well-known author. Please note that your continued use of the RadioPublic services following the posting of such changes will be deemed an acceptance of this update. This week, we revisit a favorite episode from 2021, bringing you two stories about how easy it can be to believe in a false reality even when the facts dont back us up. If a transcript is available, you'll see a Transcript button which expands to reveal the full transcript. Our transcripts are provided by various partners and may contain errors or deviate slightly from the audio. Perspectives on the Situation by Harry T. Reis, and John G. Holmes, in The Oxford Handbook of Personality and Social Psychology, 2012. June 20, 2020 This week on Hidden Brain, research about prejudices so deeply buried, we often doubt their existence. But it's a lovely example of how language can guide you to discover something about the world that might take you longer to discover if you didn't have that information in language. And then question 21 was, is this person a man or a woman? There are different ways to be a psychologist. Growing up, I understood this word to mean for a very short time, as in John McWhorter was momentarily surprised. GEACONE-CRUZ: And you're at home in your pajamas, all nice and cuddly and maybe watching Netflix or something. It's exactly how old English turned into modern English. And so he suggested it might be the case that the arbitrarily assigned grammatical genders are actually changing the way people think about these days of the week and maybe all kinds of other things that are named by nouns. I'm shankar Vedantam in the 2002 rom com. These relationships can help you feel cared for and connected. So that's an example of how languages and cultures construct how we use space to organize time, to organize this very abstract thing that's otherwise kind of hard to get our hands on and think about. Parents and peers influence our major life choices, but they can also steer us in directions that leave us deeply unsatisfied. What techniques did that person use to persuade you? So when the perfect woman started writing him letters, it seemed too good to be true. She once visited an aboriginal community in northern Australia and found the language they spoke forced her mind to work in new ways. They are ways of seeing the world. This week, we continue our look at the science of influence with psychologist Robert Cialdini, and explore how these techniques can be used for both good and evil. Freely Determined: What the New Psychology of the Self Teaches Us About How to Live, by Kennon M. Sheldon, 2022. Today in our Happiness 2.0 series, we revisit a favorite episode from 2020. When the con was exposed, its victims defended the con artists. UNIDENTIFIED ACTOR #1: (As character) If you're so upset about it, maybe you can think of a way to help her. Purpose can also boost our health and longevity. Language as it evolved was just talking to an extent that can be very hard for we literate people to imagine. One study that I love is a study that asked monolingual speakers of Italian and German and also bilingual speakers of Italian and German to give reasons for why things are the grammatical genders that they are. VEDANTAM: So I find that I'm often directionally and navigationally challenged when I'm driving around, and I often get my east-west mixed up with my left-right for reasons I have never been able to fathom. The categorization that language provides to you becomes real, becomes psychologically real. Those are quirks of grammar literally in stone. VEDANTAM: John McWhorter, thank you so much for joining me on HIDDEN BRAIN today. If you are able, we strongly encourage you to listen to the audio, which includes emotion and emphasis that's not on the page. Today in our Happiness 2.0 series, we revisit a favorite episode from 2020. What Makes Lawyers Happy? MCWHORTER: Yes, Shankar, that's exactly it. That is utterly arbitrary that those little slits in American society look elderly, but for various chance reasons, that's what those slits came to mean, so I started wearing flat-fronted pants. But if you prefer life - the unpredictability of life - then living language in many ways are much more fun. Long before she began researching languages as a professor, foreign languages loomed large in her life. VEDANTAM: So I want to talk about a debate that's raged in your field for many years. Imagine you meet somebody, they're 39 and you take their picture. GEACONE-CRUZ: It's a Sunday afternoon, and it's raining outside. Each language comprises the ideas that have been worked out in a culture over thousands of generations, and that is an incredible amount of cultural heritage and complexity of thought that disappears whenever a language dies. The transcript below may be for an earlier version of this episode. You can find the transcript for most episodes of Hidden Brain on our website. If you're bilingual or multilingual, you may have noticed that different languages make you stretch in different ways. JENNIFER GEACONE-CRUZ: My name is Jennifer Geacone-Cruz. In the final episode of our "Mind Reading 2.0" series, we bring back one of our favorite conversations, with linguist Deborah Tannen. Parents and peers influence our major life choices. Researcher Elizabeth Dunn helps us map out the unexpected ways we can find joy and happiness in our everyday lives. Parents and peers influence our major life choices. But is that true when it comes to the pursuit of happiness? When language was like that, of course it changed a lot - fast - because once you said it, it was gone. We convince a colleague to take a different tactic at work. Transcript Podcast: Subscribe to the Hidden Brain Podcast on your favorite podcast player so you never miss an episode. You can support Hidden Brain indirectly by giving to your local NPR station, or you can provide direct support to Hidden Brain by making a gift on our Patreon page. BORODITSKY: Yeah. MCWHORTER: Yeah. Researcher Elizabeth Dunn helps us map out Having a sense of purpose can be a buffer against the challenges we all face at various stages of life. I think that it's better to think of language as a parade that either you're watching, or frankly, that you're in, especially because the people are never going to stand still. 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Newsletter: But what I am thinking is, you should realize that even if you don't like it, there's nothing wrong with it in the long run because, for example, Jonathan Swift didn't like it that people were saying kissed instead of kiss-ed (ph) and rebuked instead of rebuk-ed (ph). VEDANTAM: I'm Shankar Vedantam. Newer episodes are unlikely to have a transcript as it takes us a few weeks to process and edit each transcript. Assessing the Seeds of Relationship Decay: Using Implicit Evaluations to Detect the Early Stages of Disillusionment, by Soonhee Lee, Ronald D. Rogge, and Harry T. Reis, Psychological Science, 2010. This is NPR. Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships. But might we allow that there's probably a part of all human beings that wants to look down on somebody else. And he started by asking Russian-speaking students to personify days of the week. We'll begin with police shootings of unarmed Black men. But that can blind us to a very simple source of joy thats all around us. No matter how hard you try to feel happier, you end up back where. Toula and Ian's different backgrounds become apparent on one of their very first dates. FEB 27, 2023; Happiness 2.0: The Reset Button . GEACONE-CRUZ: It's this phrase that describes something between I can't be bothered or I don't want to do it or I recognize the incredible effort that goes into something, even though it shouldn't be so much of an effort. That's how much cultural heritage is lost. If you missed it, Think back to the last time someone convinced you to do something you didn't want to do, or to spend money you didn't want to spend. But I find that people now usually use the word to mean very soon, as in we're going to board the plane momentarily. VEDANTAM: If you're bilingual or you're learning a new language, you get what Jennifer experienced - the joy of discovering a phrase that helps you perfectly encapsulate a feeling or an experience.
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