Other family members are expected to help out with chores as she bonds with the new baby. Instead the immigration bureau will accept a certificate or receipt from your embassy showing that you have applied for one. Despite the well-established benefits of exercise during pregnancy, many women remain inactive. Some were also of the view that sex restrictions could make ones partner engage in extra marital affairs. Members of Nuaulu tribe of Indonesia for example, are noted to have a high perception towards practice of pregnancy in seclusion. The following quotes are illustrations of that practice: There are herbs we give to pregnant women from five months onwards to help in the birth process. Just ask any foreign woman who has given birth in Japan. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help Pregnancy is the time that many women believe they can eat just about anything. This was done to get a better understanding of the socio-cultural beliefs and practices among pregnant women in the community. FGD guide was developed to solicit information on the socio-cultural practices during pregnancy, preparation for labour, during labour and after delivery. Some participants were of the view that yellowish discoloration of the eyes and palms of the baby are normal and will often resolve with time. The protocol for this study was reviewed and approved by Ghana Health Service Ethics Review Committee (GHS-ERC: 006/11/17). However, accepting harmless social practices during labour will improve trust and cater for communitys worldview about childbirth and foster skilled delivery. The findings of this study that the use of herbs during labour to facilitate the process was a common practice among women. The various codes were analyzed into themes based on the codes to reflect the content of the data collected alongside the writing memos on specific relevant areas. Findings: Fortunately, many taxi companies offer a maternity service (, jints-takushii). There is therefore the need for the formal health system to collaborate with the TBAs to ensure all such babies are immunised. Some participants also believed that eating of egg during pregnancy was forbidden because it will make the babys head soft as illustrated in the quote: the reason why you are not supposed to eat egg is because if you deliver, your babys head becomes very soft, I have tried it and it is true so I had to put a towel in hot water to always massage the babys head until about forty days time it became good so we stopped (Woman with child under five, FGD). 1845 N. Soto St.Los Angeles, CA 90032USA(323) 442-7233global.health@usc.edu, 2023 USC Institute on Inequalities in Global Health, Traditional beliefs and practices in pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum: A review of the evidence from Asian countries, SDG Leadership Academy Fellowship Program: Global to Local, The Health and Human Rights Oral History Project, Program on Global Health and Human Rights, Rights-Oriented Research and Education for Sexual and Reproductive Health. Seen as divine beings descended from heaven, their feet cant touch the ground for 210 days. General hospitals and university hospitals are favoured by some because they have the facilities and medical staff on hand to deal with any complications that might arise during childbirth. I put hot water compresses on the fontanelle because it is soft and so when I do that it helps to make it strong and also close the gap in the fontanelle. This goal is particularly integral in efforts to design better preventive health care strategies for pregnant and postpartum women from multiple cultural and ethnic backgrounds. As at 2015, the risk of a woman in a developing country dying from a maternal-related cause during her lifetime was about 33 times higher compared to a woman living in a developed country (Alkema et al., Citation2016). The codebook defined the various codes used during coding, their definition, when to use and when not to use such a code and examples of statements that should be considered for coding into particular codes. Design: In-depth interviews relating to traditional and changed beliefs and practices of pregnancy and childbirth with Thai women in Northern Thailand. One must therefore protect herself against unplanned pregnancy. Both harmful and harmless practices were identified. Some FGD participants were of the view that the modern contraceptive methods could render a woman barren and therefore preferred to use natural methods. And while crying babies arent exactly encouraged stateside, its the opposite in Japan, where crying contests, nakizumo, are held to see which baby cries first. We used focus group discussions (FGDs) and in-depth interviews (IDIs) for this study. At the ceremony the parents take turns feeding the baby, wishing he/she will have abundance of food throughout his/her life. Conclusion: This study concluded that the cultural beliefs held by these women greatly affected their decision to deliver at home. And because the new mothers body is considered vulnerable, she has to wrap her belly in a cloth girdle or sash called a faja, and keep her head and neck covered as well. In effect, the context in which an individual is, tends to exert some control over the persons behavioural tendencies. Enema in the form of herbs is given to expectant women during labour as it is believed to facilitate smooth delivery. The grandmothers other job is to help mom get back into pre-pregnancy shape with a routine that includes a belly-flattening massage with a towel dipped in hot water. Another reason cited was the belief that babies get thirsty with time and therefore, there was the need to provide them with water. It is said that it helps women to have easy and smooth delivery (Elderly woman, FGD). Introduction: Narrative study design allows research participants to share their knowledge on a particular study topic (Bowling, Citation2014). This may be related, in part, to women's beliefs about exercise in pregnancy, which are likely influenced by cultural background. In relation to sexual practices after birth, participants generally agreed that the practice could vary among couples. Japan child abuse cases reach new record; revenge porn on the rise, Japan to rename sex crime to highlight illegality of nonconsensual intercourse, Why Japan couldnt send its foreign minister to a key G20 meeting, Same-sex married couple hopeful Japan court will overturn residential status decision, Details emerge on teenage suspect in stabbing at Saitama school. 2023 Jan 16;15(2):472. doi: 10.3390/nu15020472. Sorry, but your browser needs Javascript to use this site. As a person adopts new behaviours, it causes changes in both the environment and in the person. During labour, we also give it the delivery is delaying. In Japanese, this is called bunben-yoyaku (). All interested researchers/readers/persons who meet the criteria for access to confidential data can access the data set from the corresponding author via this email address: easampong@ug.edu.gh. Liu L, Xiao G, Zhang T, Zhou M, Li X, Zhang Y, Owusua T, Chen Y, Qin C. Children (Basel). Pregnancy providers should be open-minded and get to know their patients situations and preferences without making assumptions. Especially in pregnancy care, there are cultural nuances to many aspects of communication, from religious and family dynamics to guidelines around personal space and privacy. In African cultures, because of many superstitious beliefs, many families will perform different rituals to safeguard the pregnancy. 5. As a result, we do not have permission from the participants to share the raw data. At the local city office you should submit a Birth Notification Form (, shussan-todoke). It is called jid-teate () in Japanese. These conditions become fatal during the first week of life and require prompt attention. The following quotes reflect these views: I give them food, starting from the fourth month because my breast milk is small. The Japan Times LTD. All rights reserved. MeSH FOIA However, it turns out, that in as much as some of these beliefs and practices are helpful, some can be detrimental to both mother and child. We douche the children because when you give birth to baby girl they normally have sores in their private parts (Postnatal woman, FGD). These positions are shown with the following quotes: It depends on every individual; I sometimes indulge in sex six months after delivery (Postnatal woman, FGD). There are two reasons for this. 2016 Aug;39:87-97. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2016.05.005. Doing so was believed to aid in the closing of the fontanelle, as well as facilitate the healing of sores in the vulva of female babies. The following quote buttresses this assertion by participants: I put towel in hot water and put it the babys fontanelle then I use the hot water to douche the babys navel, private part and buttocks. You can begin making enquiries once you know your expected delivery date, which is usually around the 8-10 week stage of pregnancy. Many women who come to Australia have a pragmatic attitude to traditional On the seventh day for a Yoruba girl and the ninth day for a boy, theyre given water (to have no enemies), palm oil (for a smooth, stress-free life), kola nut (for a long and healthy one) and salt and pepper (to keep things exciting and spicy). Traditional beliefs and practices in pregnancy and childbirth are prevalent in Asia. This was done to get a better understanding of the socio-cultural beliefs and practices among pregnant women in the community. There are many more qualified medical websites to talk about preparation for delivery but the below are a couple of important points for giving birth in Japan. If this does not resolve the issue or you are unable to add the domains to your allowlist, please see this FAQ. I tried to practice exclusive breastfeeding but at a point in time the weather was too hot and as adult we sweat and feel thirty. Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. More than 130 women whose youngest child is under the age of 15 participated in an online survey for this article. However, her baby needed immediate specialized care after birth, and all the pediatricians on staff that night were men. The yellow babies is something that happens. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0266613817302012?via%3Dihub#! There was also the belief that unborn babies can be bewitched by bad or jealous people in the community thus making them develop certain abnormalities in the uterus. We successively detail the beliefs concerning fertility, pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum, specifying the cultural beliefs from other cultures interacting with medical recommendations. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the Therefore, taking the national average figure of 505,759 ($3,723), the amount that you would have to pay from your own pocket is this figure less the childbirth lump-sum allowance, or about 86,000 ($633). However, neonates with these conditions may not have access to good medical care because of the mandatory confinement as a way of protecting the baby against evil eyes. Skip to Site Navigation The country has a high and rising proportion of underweight babies, defined as 2.5kg or less at birth. How natural is the supernatural? Consequently, there was the need to introduce them to other foods instead of breastmilk only. In performing sampling activities, the maximum variation form of the purposive sampling was employed to ensure that a wide range of stakeholders was covered to provide a holistic view about the study topic (Andale, Citation2016). All interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Parents have to stick to a list of accepted names approved by the government when filling out a birth certificate. their care during pregnancy, labour and birth, and postnatal care. Did you know that with a free Taylor & Francis Online account you can gain access to the following benefits? The growing recognition of the critical importance of providing care to mothers and newborns and the substantial coverage gaps have prompted a paradigm shift in responding to maternal and newborn health issues. As for the babies, theyre treated like gods. It is one of the reasons why people do not go for antenatal in this community (Elderly woman, FGD). Pregnancy, child birth, and care are cherished moments in most communities in Ghana. This is crucial if Ghana is to achieve universal health coverage and access to essential perinatal care as envisioned in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). 2016 Jul 5;16(1):147. doi: 10.1186/s12884-016-0938-4. Additionally, babies are massaged with mustard oil and shea butter. 3. As a result, neonate and mother are confined for periods ranging from 1 week to about 40 days. Maternal and. Sharma S, van Teijlingen E, Hundley V, Angell C, Simkhada P. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. If you're not sure how to activate it, please refer to this site. In Ghana, data provided by Ghana Health Service at a maternal, child health and nutrition conference in 2021 showed a total number of 875 maternal deaths in 2018 and 838 in 2019. PMC Omiyamairis generally take place when boys and girls are 31 and 33 days old, respectively, although some geographic variations exist. government site. Cultural beliefs regarding the process of childbirth may prescribe different types of diet at various stages across the postpartum period. al. Other practices that place mothers at risk of disability or death include applying fundal pressure to hasten the labour process, forced vomiting to initiate the placenta expulsion, use of herbal concoctions for treating maternal complications and childbirth in an isolated or unsanitary environment (Fofie & Baffoe, Citation2010; Maimbolwa et al., Citation2003). In Tokyo, this creeps up to 621,814 ($4,577). Cultural competency starts with effective communication, listening, and respect. In this South American country, mothers mark their calendars for the ninth day after babys birththats when they celebrate the little ones arrival with family and friends, who bring sweets and gifts, including money and gold bangle bracelets for baby. For the girl, I vomit a lot but a boy I dont, its only my soles that swell (Woman with child under five, FGD). Dallas, TX 75390, 2023 The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Whooping cough: New concerns about an old disease, Why the skin condition hidradenitis suppurativa complicates pregnancy, Alphabet soup! Front Nutr. Epub 2013 Jul 8. According to them, certain foods were believed to decrease the production of breastmilk and also cause stomach-ache. Even non-pregnant, we are advised to watch our fish intake because of the high mercury levels found in fish. This is usually the case for women who go to the Traditional Birth Attendant (TBA). and ripe plantain too, that one when you eat it, it makes you defecate frequently. Some patients request a male or female doctor due to cultural or personal preferences. Whooping cough: New concerns about an old disease, Mental Health; Maintaining health during pregnancy and postpartum involves many things that should be done as well as many things that should be avoided. The Asante Akim North District with its capital Agogo is situated at the eastern part of the Ashanti Region. Guest et al. Local knowledge and derived practices of safety during pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum: a qualitative study among nurse-midwives in urban eastern Tanzania. Quality assessment of pre- and postnatal nutrition and exercise mobile applications in the United States and China. Babies here receive a bundle of blessings. Another reason cited for delivery at TBA is the use of herbs which is believed to be effective and facilitate the labour. Published By: Midwifery 8600 Rockville Pike As directed by Maynard and Purvis (Citation1994), participants listening to tapes after interviews is an important step in qualitative data analysis even though it is frequently overlooked. Bookshelf During bathing of the baby, the head is massaged and molded. Just ask any foreign woman who has given birth in Japan. By recognizing and appreciating common local beliefs, providers can be better positioned to provide culturally competent care. The studys findings showed that socio-cultural beliefs and practices are widespread covering antenatal through childbirth to the postnatal period. Training of Traditional Birth Attendants (TBAs) and providing them with disposable delivery kits was the focus of a study carried out in Pakistan where the intervention arm of the study recorded less maternal deaths than the control arm, and a 30% decrease in neonatal mortality (Jokhio et al., Citation2005). However, in phenomenological research, the participants perceptions, feelings, and lived experiences are paramount and are the object of study (Wertz, Citation2005). Please add japantimes.co.jp and piano.io to your list of allowed sites. Japan is also one of a handful of countries where episiotomy is still widely practiced. However, the practice of confinement does not make women start ANC early enough to enable them meet the required number of visits during pregnancy. Register a free Taylor & Francis Online account today to boost your research and gain these benefits: Socio-cultural beliefs and practices during pregnancy, child birth, and postnatal period: A qualitative study in Southern Ghana, 1 World Health Organization Country Office for Ghana, Ghana;2 Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana, Cultural beliefs and practices of women influencing home births in rural Northern Ghana, Global, regional, and national levels and trends in maternal mortality between 1990 and 2015, with scenario-based projections to 2030: A systematic analysis by the un Maternal Mortality Estimation Inter-Agency Group, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00838-7, Maternal death in rural Ghana: A case study in the Upper East region of Ghana, Social cognitive theory: An agentic perspective, Beyond symptom recognition: Care-seeking for ill newborns in rural Ghana, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3156.2007.01981.x, Community-based interventions for improving perinatal and neonatal health outcomes in developing countries: A review of the evidence, Maternal care practices among the ultra poor households in rural Bangladesh: A qualitative exploratory study, Causes of neonatal deaths in a rural subdistrict of Bangladesh: Implications for intervention, Qualitative research designs: Selection and implementation, Time to initiation of breastfeeding and neonatal mortality and morbidity: A systematic review, https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-13-S3-S19, A review of cultural influence on maternal mortality in the developing world, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2012.04.002, A two-year review of uterine rupture in a regional hospital, Healthcare in Low-resource Settings: The individual perspective, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79061-9_2695, Huge poor-rich inequalities in maternity care: An international comparative study of maternity and child care in developing countries, Contextual social cognition and the behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia, https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182518375, An intervention involving traditional birth attendants in Pakistan, Every newborn: Progress, priorities, and potential beyond survival, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60496-7, Cultural childbirth practices and beliefs in Zambia, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2648.2003.02709.x, Perception of care in Zambian women attending community antenatal clinics, The Ghana community-based health planning and services initiative for scaling up service delivery innovation, Orthodox versus unorthodox care: A qualitative study on where rural women seek healthcare during pregnancy and childbirth in Southwest, Nigeria, Food prohibitions and other traditional practices in pregnancy: A Qualitative study in Western Region of Ghana, The effect of community nurses and health volunteers on child mortality: The Navrongo community health and family planning project, https://doi.org/10.1080/14034940701349225, Nyo dua hli30 days confinement: Traditions and changed childbearing beliefs and practices among Hmong women in Australia, Maternal mortality in Ghana: The other side, Committing to child survival A promise renewed, Phenomenological research methods for counseling psychology, https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.52.2.167, Local understandings of vulnerability and protection during the neonatal period in Sylhet district, Bangladesh: A qualitative study, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(05)66836-5. We use cookies to improve your website experience. For example, some clinics are female only and do not allow males to accompany their partners; some will not deliver the baby if the mother has not been attending that clinic or hospital for regular checkups since early in their pregnancy. Global Health and Human Rights for a Postpandemic World. In Tokyo, your best bet is hospitals and clinics in Minato Ward and Shibuya Ward. In other words, you cannot continue to attend a separate clinic all the way up until labor and then turn up at the other hospital just to give birth. In P. L. Rice & L. All the interviews were moderated by the lead author. For me I have a small baby so I protect myself using the injectable so that I dont get pregnant (Woman with children under five, FGD). In all, 94 individuals participated in the study. New Patient Appointment This according to participants was to protect the baby from evil people in the community. Asian women suffer the largest proportion of the world's maternal deaths.
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